The brain
The brain is the control centre of the nervous
system and is located within the skull. Its functions include muscle
control and coordination, sensory reception and integration, speech
production, memory storage, and the elaboration of thought and emotion.
The lungs
The
lungs are two sponge-like, cone-shaped structures that fill most of the
chest cavity. Their essential function is to provide oxygen from
inhaled air to the bloodstream and to exhale carbon dioxide.
The liver
The
liver lies on the right side of the abdominal cavity beneath the
diaphragm. Its main function is to process the contents of the blood to
ensure composition remains the same. This process involves breaking down
fats, producing urea, filtering harmful substances and maintaining a
proper level of glucose in the blood.
The bladder
The bladder is a muscular organ located in the pelvic cavity. It stretches to store urine and contracts to release urine.
The kidneys
The
kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located at the back of the abdominal
cavity, one on each side of the spinal column. Their function is to
maintain the body’s chemical balance by excreting waste products and
excess fluid in the form of urine.
The heart
The heart is a hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood through the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions.
The stomach
The
stomach is a muscular, elastic, pear-shaped bag, lying crosswise in the
abdominal cavity beneath the diaphragm. Its main purpose is digestion
of food through production of gastric juices which break down, mix and
churn the food into a thin liquid.
The intestines
The
intestines are located between the stomach and the anus and are divided
into two major sections: the small intestine and the large intestine.
The function of the small intestine is to absorb most ingested food. The
large intestine is responsible for absorption of water and excretion of
solid waste material.
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